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2010 Atlantic hurricane season
The 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was the third most active Atlantic hurricane season on record (behind only the 2005 and 1933 seasons), tying with the 1887, 1995, 2011, and 2012 Atlantic hurricane seasons. It had the most named storms since the 2005 season, and also ties with the 1969 season for the second-largest number of hurricanes. In addition, the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was more active than the year's Pacific typhoon season, only the second time this is known to have occurred (the first being in 2005).〔http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/docs/TSR-hurricane-and-typhoon-review-2010.pdf〕
The season began with Hurricane Alex, a Category 2 storm on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, which struck the Yucatán Peninsula as a tropical storm and northeastern Mexico south of the Texas border at peak intensity. Following Alex, a series of relatively weak systems occurred into the month of July and early August. In the latter part of August and September, the season became much more active with the formation of eleven named storms in about 40 days, six of which were Cape Verde-type storms. Four of those Cape Verde storms (Danielle, Earl, Igor, and Julia) each reached Category 4 intensity and a fifth in the Bay of Campeche (Karl) also became a major hurricane. Danielle and Earl were back-to-back major hurricanes, followed by several weak tropical storms, and then another series of three consecutive major hurricanes. From August 21 to September 26, there was not a single full day without at least one tropical cyclone active for a total of 36 days, starting with the formation of Tropical Depression Six (which became Hurricane Danielle) and ending with the dissipation of Tropical Storm Matthew, the longest period since the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. In the month of September, eight named storms formed, which is the highest ever recorded, tying with the 2002 and 2007 seasons.
In addition, there were three occasions when three tropical cyclones were active simultaneously, with the first set being Danielle, Earl, and Fiona co-existing on August 30 – August 31. The second occasion was when Earl, Fiona, and Gaston co-existed on September 1 – September 2. The third and most notable was when Igor, Julia, and Karl were active September 14 – September 18. During a brief period, on September 15, Igor and Julia were simultaneously Category 4 hurricanes, a very rare occurrence and the first such since 1926.〔Agence France-Presse, September 15, 2010, (Rare double hurricanes roil Atlantic )〕 Both were still hurricanes when Karl was upgraded to a hurricane on September 16, the first time since the 2005 season that there were at least three simultaneous hurricanes in the North Atlantic.
==Seasonal forecasts==
Philip J. Klotzbach's team at Colorado State University (formerly led by William M. Gray) defined the average number of storms per season (1950 to 2000) as 9.6 tropical storms, 5.9 hurricanes, 2.3 major hurricanes (storms reaching at least Category 3 strength in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) and an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index of 96.1. NOAA defines a season as above-normal, near-normal or below-normal by a combination of the number of named storms, the number reaching hurricane strength, the number reaching major hurricane strength and the ACE index.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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